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French Indo-China〔While both 'Indo-China' and 'Indochina' can be found in contemporary English-language sources, 'Indo-China' is the most commonly used spelling (even though 'Indochine', instead of 'Indo-Chine', was commonly used in French); contemporary official publications also adopt the spelling of 'Indo-China'.〕 (now commonly known as French Indochina) ((フランス語:Indochine française); (クメール語:សហភាពឥណ្ឌូចិន ); (ベトナム語:Đông Dương thuộc Pháp), , frequently abbreviated to ''Đông Pháp''; Lao: ຝຣັ່ງແຫຼັມອິນດູຈີນ; Cantonese: 法屬印度支那), officially known as the Indo-Chinese Union ((フランス語:Union indochinoise))〔Decree of 17 October 1887.〕 after 1887 and the Indo-Chinese Federation ((フランス語:Fédération indochinoise)) after 1947, was a grouping of French colonial territories in Southeast Asia. A grouping of the three Vietnamese regions of Tonkin (north), Annam (centre), and Cochinchina (south) with Cambodia was formed in 1887. Laos was added in 1893 and Kwangchow Wan (''Kouang-Tchéou-Wan'') in 1898. The capital was moved from Saigon (in Cochinchina) to Hanoi (Tonkin) in 1902 and again to Da Lat (Annam) in 1939. In 1945 it was moved back to Hanoi. After the fall of France during World War II, the colony was administered by the Vichy government and was under Japanese occupation until March 1945, when the Japanese overthrew the colonial regime. Beginning in May 1941, the Viet Minh, a communist army led by Ho Chi Minh, began a revolt against the Japanese. In August 1945 they declared Vietnamese independence and extended the war, known as the First Indochina War, against France. In Saigon, the anti-Communist State of Vietnam, led by former Emperor Bảo Đại, was granted independence in 1949. On 9 November 1953, the Kingdom of Laos and the Kingdom of Cambodia became independent. Following the Geneva Accord of 1954, the French evacuated Vietnam and French Indochina came to an end. ==First French interventions== France–Vietnam relations started as early as the 17th century with the mission of the Jesuit missionary Alexandre de Rhodes. At this time, Vietnam was only just beginning to occupy the Mekong Delta, former territory of the Indianised kingdom of Champa which they had defeated in 1471.〔 〕 European involvement in Vietnam was confined to trade during the 18th century. In 1787, Pigneau de Béhaine, a French Catholic priest, petitioned the French government and organised French military volunteers to aid Nguyễn Ánh in retaking lands his family lost to the Tây Sơn. Pigneau died in Viet Nam but his troops fought on until 1802 in the French assistance to Nguyễn Ánh. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「French Indochina」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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